Review of diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people « Reviews « Diabetes « Chronic conditions « Australian Indigenous Health. Info. Net. Last update: 2. Peer review: Yes. Introduction. Diabetes is the world’s fastest growing chronic disease . Type 2 diabetes in particular, has reached epidemic proportions globally and in Australia, and poses a challenge for public health systems everywhere . The greatest burden tends to fall on socially disadvantaged groups and Indigenous peoples . The bag is a Briggs & Riley briefcase, the pencil case is from Sonnenlender. Here’s what’s inside: 13" MacBook Pro; iPad Pro; Sennheiser headphones. Read user ratings and reviews for SHARK CARTILAGE on WebMD including side effects and interactions, treatment effectiveness, ease of use, safety and satisfaction. Weight Loss products for sale at Lazada Philippines Weight Loss Supplement Prices 2017 Best Deals Free Shipping Effortless Shopping! Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians experience disproportionately high levels of diabetes. They are three times more likely to have diabetes. Indigenous Australians . There is also evidence that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. Mortality rates are correspondingly high, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are six times more likely to die from diabetes than non- Indigenous Australians . It is caused by the body’s inability to produce and/or use insulin effectively. It is a complex, chronic condition that can lead to morbidity, disability, reduced quality of life and premature death . Diabetes can affect the entire body and typically requires lifelong management . There is currently no known cure . If undiagnosed or poorly managed, diabetes can lead to a range of complications and death . Complications include diseases of the large blood vessels (macrovascular disease), such as heart disease and stroke, and diseases of the small blood vessels (microvascular disease), such as kidney disease, eye disease and nerve disease . Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, frequently affecting older people but increasingly occurring in young people and children . Type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes are the other main types of diabetes . Addressing these factors should reduce the impact of diabetes on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people; but this will require a range of tailored, culturally appropriate prevention and management programs, and broader action beyond the health service sector . The review focuses primarily on type 2 diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people—which is responsible for the majority of cases of diabetes in this population—but also refers to type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes where relevant. It provides general information on the historical, social and cultural context of diabetes, and the behavioural and biomedical factors that contribute to diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. This review provides detailed information on the extent of diabetes, and its complications and comorbidities among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, including: incidence and prevalence data; hospitalisations; mortality and burden of disease. Cardiovascular Effects of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes. The Look AHEAD Research Group * N Engl J Med 2013; 369:145-154 July. The AXS Cookie Policy. This website, like most others, uses cookies in order to give you a great online experience. By continuing to use our website you accept to our. This Is How Ivanka Trump Reportedly Reacted When Her Dad Refused to Apologize for "Grab Them By the Pussy" Comments. This review discusses the issues of prevention and management of diabetes, and provides information on relevant programs, services, policies and strategies that address the health issue of diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. This review concludes by discussing possible future directions for combatting the growing epidemic of diabetes in Australia. This review draws mostly on journal publications, government reports, national data collections and national surveys, the majority of which can be accessed through the Health. Info. Net’s Australian Indigenous Health. Bibliography. When referring to Australia’s Indigenous people, the Health. Info. Net prefers to use the terms Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander, or Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. However, when referencing information from other sources, our authors are ethically bound to utilise the terms from the original source unless they can obtain clarification from the report authors/copyright holders. As a result, readers may see these terms used interchangeably with the term . If they have any concerns they are advised to contact the Health. Info. Net for further information. Acknowledgements. Special thanks are extended to: the anonymous reviewer whose comments greatly assisted finalisation of this reviewother staff at the Australian Indigenous Health. Info. Net, particularly to Christine Potter, Miranda Poynton and Millie Harford- Mills, for their assistance and supportthe Australian Government Department of Health for their ongoing support of the work of the Health. Info. Net. Key facts. The context of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and diabetes. The factors contributing to diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people reflect a combination of broad historical, social and cultural factors as well as proximal health risk factors. In 2. 01. 2- 2. 01. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were more likely than non- Indigenous people to: be overweight or obese (1. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were less likely to meet the guidelines for daily fruit intake (0. Indigenous people. In 2. 01. 2- 2. 01. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were nearly five times as likely to have diabetes than those who were of normal weight or underweight (1. In 2. 01. 2- 2. 01. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with high blood pressure were nearly three times as likely as those without high blood pressure to have diabetes (2. The extent of diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Looking for the best golf rangefinder? We reviewed 12 rangefinders and picked the best for each budget. Real reviews, real golfers. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women experience poorer health than other Australian women. Many Indigenous women suffer health problems due to the context of. Individual studies provide varying estimates of the prevalence of diabetes in specific Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities—some as low as 4%, others as high as 3. In 2. 01. 2- 2. 01. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people ranged from 9% (based on self- reported data) to 1. The weight loss calculator allows you to estimate your weekly and monthly weight loss. Just enter your daily energy expenditure and the caloric content of your diet.After age- adjustment, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were more than 3 times as likely as non- Indigenous people to have diabetes. Between 2. 00. 6 and 2. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were more than eight times higher than those for non- Indigenous 1. Indigenous 1. 5- 1. Between 2. 00. 5 and 2. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women who gave birth had pre- existing diabetes and 5. GDM). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women who gave birth were more than three times as likely to have pre- existing diabetes and almost two times as likely to have GDM as their non- Indigenous counterparts. In 2. 01. 2- 1. 3, after age- adjustment, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were four times more likely to be hospitalised for diabetes than non- Indigenous people. They were nearly two times more likely to be hospitalised for type 1 diabetes and GDM, and four times more likely to be hospitalised for type 2 diabetes, than their non- Indigenous counterparts. In 2. 01. 3, diabetes (excluding GDM) was the second leading underlying cause of death among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, with an age- adjusted death rate six times higher than that for non- Indigenous people. Complications and comorbidities associated with diabetes. In 2. 01. 2- 1. 3, age- standardised hospitalisation rates for complications of type 2 diabetes (as a principal diagnosis) were almost six times higher for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living in all jurisdictions, than those for non- Indigenous people. In 2. 01. 2- 1. 3, hospitalisation rates for renal complications of type 2 diabetes were 1. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people than those among non- Indigenous people. In 2. 01. 2- 1. 3, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (i. Their babies were more likely than non- Indigenous babies to have a low Apgar score, high level resuscitation, and a long hospital stay. Prevention and management of diabetes. Evidence suggests that short- term healthy lifestyle programs designed to prevent type 2 diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, can have positive health effects for up to two years, and are more likely to be effective if they are initiated by the community. Evidence suggests that structured management strategies used in primary care settings can lead to sustained improvements in diabetes care and health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Diabetes programs and services. Evidence suggests that competent, culturally appropriate primary health care services can be effective in improving diabetes care and outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Evidence suggests that primary health care services that apply continuous quality improvement (CQI), can experience improvements in both service delivery rates and clinical outcome measures in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients with diabetes. Diabetes policies and strategies. In 2. 01. 3, Diabetes Australia developed the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders and diabetes action plan. It provided to government a proposed national plan, the first of its kind, to guide future approaches in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander diabetes policy and program development. At the end of 2. 01. Federal Government released the Australian national diabetes strategy 2. This strategy includes a specific goal to reduce the impact of diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Many of the potential areas for action identified in the strategy are consistent with recommendations in the Diabetes Australia Action plan. The Diabetes Australia Action plan and the new National diabetes strategy highlight the need for a coordinated national approach to guide the development of holistic diabetes programs that integrate cultural values and address the health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people across their lifespan. The context of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and diabetes. The risk of developing diabetes is influenced not only by an individual’s behavior, but also by: historical, social, cultural, geographical, economic and community factors; and government health policies and services . How to Lose 1. 0 Pounds in 3 Days » i. Fitand. Healthy. com. Could you please help me lose 1. I’m getting married this week . Thanks, Sherri.- – via Ask Questions. I would love to help you, and I wish I could tell you how to lose 1. To put things into perspective, on average, people can expect to lose 1- 2 pounds a week- to lose 1. However, getting married is a very special occasion. So I will give you some tips for a quick weight loss. Please keep in mind, I cannot tell you if you will lose 1. I do not even know if you will lose any weight at all in 3 days. For the next 3 days, do not eat any sugar. Eliminate all traditional sources of carbohydrates. Do no eat any pasta, bread of any kind, cookies, cakes, ice cream, soda, donuts, bagels, morning cereal, oatmeal, rice, French fries, pizza, candies, etc. Get all your carbohydrates exclusively from vegetables. For example, broccoli, green leafy vegetables, bell peppers, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, asparagus, avocado, cauliflower and others are all good choices. Do not forget to eat breakfast. If you eat big meals, 2- 3 times a day, divide the amount of food you usually eat into 4 to 5 meals. In other words, eat smaller meals more often. Drink plenty of water and eat protein with every meal – chicken, lean cuts of beef, shrimp, lean pork, lamb, egg whites, as well as eggs and any fish. You also need to exercise. Since you are short on time, the easiest way to get some cardio done is walking, rollerblading, bicycling, swimming, or any activity that will get you moving more than you usually do. If you are interested in a permanent weight loss, your best bet is a balanced diet and exercise. Finding a diet and an exercise program with which you feel comfortable, will aid in your adherence to meeting your weight- loss goal. There are many good diets out there, but if you do not know where to start, I would recommend this program or Burn The Fat, Feed The Muscle. These plans are not just some fad diets. They are, however, great programs. Because they are easy to understand, anyone can follow them, and they teach excellent eating and exercise habits, which you will be able to use at your own pace. You should consult with your doctor before making any drastic changes to your diet or starting an exercise program. Posted October 1. Ask Questions, Diet & Weight Loss, How To ..
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